Writing
I write about AI, finance, and risk,
but not in the way you'd expect.
Technical insight blended with regulatory experience, academic research with practical implementation, and occasionally, algorithmic thinking with artistic observation.
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AI Governance & Risk
Substantive pieces on AI governance, risk management, and regulation - written from the inside.
Three Speeds of AI Adoption
Organisations adopt AI at three distinct speeds - and each requires a different governance response.
Learning risk management again, because of AI
How AI forces a rethinking of risk management from first principles.
The Darn Messy Middle of AI
The unglamorous middle ground where most AI work actually happens.
Valleys, Shifting Sands & Pillars in AI
Navigating the unstable terrain of AI governance as standards and technology shift beneath you.
Personal Reflections on AI Risk Management
A personal account of working in AI risk management - the tensions, the stakes, and the learning.
Artificial Sweeteners or Organic Flavors? Inherent Interpretability vs. Post-Hoc Explainability
The trade-offs between building interpretable models and explaining black-box ones after the fact.
Reading Lists
Curated readings on specific AI topics - no filler, no hype.
A Simple Reading List on Third-Party AI Risk Management
Curated readings on managing AI risk across vendor and third-party relationships.
A Simple Reading List: Emergence, Not Sentience
Curated readings on emergence in AI systems - capabilities that arise without being designed.
A Simple Reading List on Data Management & AI
Curated readings on managing data for AI systems.
A Simple Reading List on Human Oversight of AI Systems
Curated readings on keeping humans meaningfully in the loop of AI decision-making.
A Simple Reading List on Explainability & Interpretability
Curated readings on making AI systems understandable to humans.
Simple Reading List on Evaluation and Testing
Curated readings on evaluating and testing AI systems.
A Simple Reading List: AI Governance & Risk Management
Curated readings on the foundations of AI governance and risk management.
Reflections & Essays
Personal writing on AI, work, art, and the spaces in between - where observation matters more than answers.
Unfinished
A meditation on incompleteness and the value of work still in progress.
Gradient Descent
An exploration of gradient descent as both optimisation algorithm and metaphor for learning.
Garfield's Eyes
Seeing the world differently through an unexpected lens.
Diffusion
How diffusion models create by learning to reverse noise.
Grounding
On the importance of grounding AI systems - and ourselves - in reality.
The Edge of Action
Exploring the boundary between thinking and doing in an AI-augmented world.
Context
Why context is the most underrated concept in AI and in life.
Alignment
On alignment - the deceptively simple idea at the heart of AI safety.
The Outsider
Reflections on working at the intersection of fields where you never fully belong to any one.
My Shifu
A tribute to mentorship and the craft of learning from a master.
Many Different Worlds
On navigating the many parallel worlds of work, identity, and AI.
The Flywheel
How momentum compounds - in business, in AI adoption, and in creative work.
Craft & Patience in the Age of AI
A case for slowness and craftsmanship when everything accelerates.
Resonance: AI at Work and in the Classroom
When AI in the workplace and AI in education share the same underlying tensions.
Phase Shifts in AI and Life
How sudden transitions in AI mirror phase shifts in physics and in personal growth.
Why I Write to Crickets (A LinkedIn Reflection for 2025)
On writing without an audience and why it still matters.
Thinking In
Long-form series on AI, risk, and networks - each building a mental model from first principles.
Thinking in...
Thinking in Attention
How attention mechanisms reshaped AI - and what they reveal about how we think.
Thinking in Uncertainty
A framework for embracing uncertainty rather than pretending it away.
Thinking in Agents: Systems thinking in the age of AI
Applying systems thinking to understand agentic AI and its emergent behaviours.
Thinking in Fundamentals
Why fundamentals matter more than ever when the tools keep changing.
Thinking in Risks: Uncertainty, Unexpectedness, and Unexplainability
The three U's of AI risk - a framework for thinking about what can go wrong.
Thinking in Networks
Thinking in Networks: A Guide to Network Tasks
A practical guide to the tasks you can solve with network-based approaches.
Thinking in Networks: Deconstructing Networks
Breaking down network structures to understand their components and power.
Thinking in Networks: The Power of Relationships
Why relationships between entities matter more than the entities themselves.
Thinking in AI
Thinking in AI 5/5: Data and Tasks in Generative AI
How generative AI redefines the relationship between data types and tasks.
Thinking in AI 4/5: Understanding data types and tasks (tasks)
A taxonomy of AI tasks and how they map to real-world problems.
Thinking in AI 3/5: Understanding data types and tasks (data types)
Understanding the data types that underpin AI - and why they shape what models can do.
Thinking in AI 2/5: Deconstructing AI: An AI Model is Just Math
Demystifying AI models by showing they are, at core, mathematical functions.
Thinking in AI 1/5: Introduction to Thinking in AI (and Generative AI)
The opening essay in a five-part series on building intuition for how AI works.
Coding & Building
Notes from actually building with AI - tools, experiments, and lessons.
OpenClaw - Kiasu Version
A distinctly Singaporean take on building with open-source AI tools.
I Built a Private AI Agent on a $12 Server. The AI Was the Easy Part.
Lessons from deploying an AI agent where infrastructure and ops matter more than the model.
Snippets: OpenAI Charges for Words, So I Sent It a Picture Instead
A playful experiment in multimodal prompt engineering to save on token costs.
Reflections: Finding the right 'vibe' with LLMs for coding
On finding a productive working relationship with LLMs as a coding partner.
If the writing resonates, the training goes deeper.
Workshops, courses, and advisory for teams who want to move beyond reading about AI to actually governing it.